Amapayipi Okusebenza Kahle Kokushisa
- Insimbi Ye-Carbon & Carbon Alloy
- Insimbi engagqwali
- Ingxubevange yethusi ne-nickel
- Amapayipi Okusebenza Kahle Kokushisa
- Ukufakwa Kwepayipi
- Ama-Flanges epayipi
- I-Gasket, i-Stud Bolt & Nut
- Amavalvu Ezimboni
01
I-Finned Tubing Yokuthuthukisa Ukusebenza Kahle Kokudlulisa Ukushisa
Izindlela Zokukhiqiza Amapayipi AseFinned
Amashubhu aqoshiwe akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukene kuye ngokuthi izinto zokwakha zisebenza kanjani, zisetshenziswa kanjani, futhi zisebenza kanjani:
1. Amafin Akhishwe (Amafin Ahlanganisiwe)
- Ishubhu le-bimetallic (isb., ungqimba lwangaphandle lwe-aluminium phezu kwensimbi noma ithusi) lidlula emshinini okhipha amaphiko kusuka kungqimba lwangaphandle.
- Inikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okusebenza ngomshini kanye nokuqhuba ukushisa.
- Isetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ezishisa kakhulu njengezinhlelo zokubuyisa ukushisa.
2. Amaphiko Agoqiwe (Ajikelezayo)
- Umugqa wensimbi (ngokuvamile i-aluminium noma ithusi) ugoqwa nge-helicopter uzungeze ipayipi eliyisisekelo bese uhlanganiswa nge-glue, i-brazing, noma i-welding.
- Isebenza kahle futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-heat exchanger apholile emoyeni.
- Akufanelekile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yokwehluleka kwebhondi okungenzeka.
3. Amafin Ahlanganisiwe (G-Fin)
- Umsele ufakwa ngomshini epayipini, bese kufakwa umugqa wephiko bese uvalelwa endaweni yawo ngomshini.
- Ukuthintana okuhle nokushisa kanye nokumelana nokuxega kwamaphiko.
- Okuvamile kuma-heater nama-boilers enqubo.
4. Amaphiko Ahlanganisiwe
- Amaphiko ashiselwe ngawodwana epayipini (isb., amaphiko ahlanganisiwe, ahlanganisiwe, noma ashiselwe nge-stud).
- Kufanelekela ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu (isb., izinto ezigcina umnotho, ukubuyisa ukushisa okulahliwe).
- Ibiza kakhulu kodwa ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.
5. Amaphiko Amade
- Amafin agijima ngokulingana ne-tube axis, asetshenziswa lapho ukugeleza kwe-axial kukhethwa khona (isb., kwezinye izipholisi zomoya kanye nama-condenser).
- Kuvame ukubonwa ekusetshenzisweni kwe-petrochemical.
6. Amaphiko Aneziphuphu
- Izikhonkwane ezincane zishintshwa phezu kobuso bepayipi ukuze kwandiswe ukuxokozela kanye nokudluliselwa kokushisa.
- Isetshenziswa kuma-heat exchanger nama-boiler afakwe uketshezi.
Izinhlobo Ezidumile Zama-Finned Tubes Emishinini Yokudlulisa Ukushisa
1. Amapayipi Okugcina Alengayo (Ajikelezayo)
- Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, olusetshenziswa kuma-heat exchanger apholile emoyeni (ama-ACHE).
- Izinto zokwakha: I-Aluminium (yokumelana nokugqwala), ithusi, noma insimbi engagqwali.
2. Amapayipi Okugcina Aphelile
- Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu, okusetshenziswa kumajeneretha okubuyisa ukushisa (ama-HRSG) kanye nama-economizer.
- Ishubhu eliyisisekelo: Insimbi yekhabhoni / insimbi engagqwali; Izinto ze-Fin: I-Aluminium.
3. Amapayipi Anezinti Ezincane Ezinezinyawo Ezi-L kanye Nezinyawo Ezi-LL
- Amafin anesimo "L" phansi ukuze ahlangane kangcono.
- Isetshenziswa ezindaweni zokucwenga kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezitshalo zikagesi.
4. Amaphiko Anezinsika
- Amafin anokunqunywa okuthuthukisa ukuxokozela nokudluliselwa kokushisa.
- Isetshenziswa kuma-heat exchanger asebenzisa igesi negesi.
5. Amapayipi Anezimpiko Ezigoqiwe
- Ukugoba ubuso kuthuthukisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa kuma-condenser nama-evaporator.
6. Amapayipi Okugcina Izintambo Ezinothayela
- Amaphiko anamagagasi andisa indawo yobuso kanye nokuxokozela, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
Izici Zokukhetha Amapayipi AseFinned
- Izinga Lokushisa Nokucindezela: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezishisa kakhulu zidinga amaphiko ashiselwe noma akhishwe.
- Ukumelana Nokugqwala: Amaphiko e-aluminium ezindaweni ezine-asidi, insimbi engagqwali ezimweni ezinzima.
- Uhlobo Loketshezi: Amaphiko aseceleni kwegesi adinga indawo ephezulu (eyisiyingi/egobile), kanti uhlangothi oluketshezi lungasebenzisa amapayipi aphansi.
- Izindleko: Amaphiko asongiwe ashibhile, kanti amaphiko akhishwe/ashiselwe ayabiza kodwa ahlala isikhathi eside.
Izicelo
- Izitshalo Zikagesi: Ama-condenser apholile ngomoya, ama-HRSG.
- Uwoyela negesi: Izifudumezi, izitofu.
- Ama-HVAC: Ama-cooler, ama-radiator.
- Amakhemikhali: Ama-boiler okushisa angcolile, ama-reactor.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinto Ezintsha Ze-Finned Tube kanye Ne-Fin
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha amashubhu anezinti emishinini yokudlulisa ukushisa kuncike ezintweni ezifana nokushisa, ingcindezi, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa, kanye nezindleko. Ngezansi kukhona izinto zensimbi nensimbi ezithandwa kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa amashubhu anezinti, ezihlukaniswe ngezinto zeshubhu eziyisisekelo kanye nezinto zezinti:
1. Izinto Zeshubhu Eyisisekelo (Ishubhu Eyinhloko)
Ishubhu eliyisisekelo liphethe uketshezi oluyinhloko (uketshezi/igesi) futhi kumele likwazi ukumelana nengcindezi, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokugqwala.
Insimbi Yekhabhoni (CS)
- Amabanga: ASTM A179, A192, A210 (kwama-boiler nama-heat exchanger)
- Izinzuzo: Izindleko eziphansi, amandla amahle, ifanele ukusetshenziswa komfutho ophezulu.
- Ububi: Ithambekele ekugqwaleni; ivame ukusetshenziswa nezingubo zokuzivikela noma lapho indawo ezungezile ingagqwali.
- Izicelo: Ama-boiler, ama-economizer, ama-condenser omusi.
Insimbi Engagqwali (SS)
- Amabanga:
- 304/304L – Inhloso ejwayelekile, ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala.
- 316/316L – Ukumelana okungcono nama-chloride nama-asidi (asetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali, ezindaweni zasolwandle).
- 321/347 – Amazinga azinzile okusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (isb., ukubuyisa ukushisa kwegesi yokukhipha ugesi).
- Izinzuzo: Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, amandla okushisa aphezulu.
- Ububi: Kubiza kakhulu, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphansi kunensimbi yekhabhoni.
- Izicelo: Izindawo zokuhluza, ukucubungula amakhemikhali, imboni yokudla.
Izinsimbi Ze-Alloy (Ukumelana Nokushisa Okuphezulu Nokugqwala)
- Amabanga:
- T5 (P5), T9 (P9), T11 (P11) – Izinsimbi ze-Chrome-molybdenum zezinsizakalo zomusi ezishisa kakhulu.
- T22 (P22), T91 (P91) – Isetshenziswa ezitshalweni zikagesi zama-superheater kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisa ukushisa.
- Izinzuzo: Ukumelana nokukhukhuleka okuphezulu, kuhle ekushiseni okukhulu (kufika ku-600°C+).
- Ububi: Izindleko ziphezulu kunensimbi yekhabhoni.
Ama-Alloy Ethusi Nethusi
- Amabanga: C12200 (Phosphorus deoxidized copper), C70600 (Cu-Ni 90/10), C71500 (Cu-Ni 70/30).
- Izinzuzo: Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu, kuhle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
- Ububi: Ithambile, ivame ukuguguleka emanzini anejubane elikhulu.
- Izicelo: i-HVAC, isiqandisi, ama-condenser.
Ama-Nickel Alloys (Ngezimo Ezibucayi)
- Amabanga:
- Inconel 600/625 – Ukumelana okuphezulu ne-oxidation kanye nama-chloride.
- I-Monel 400 – Imelana namanzi olwandle kanye nezindawo ezine-asidi.
- Izinzuzo: Ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, amandla okushisa aphezulu.
- Ububi: Kubiza kakhulu.
- Izicelo: Uwoyela negesi ongaphandle, ama-reactor amakhemikhali.
2. Izinto Zokugcina
Amafin athuthukisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa futhi kumele alinganisele ukuhanjiswa kokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nezindleko.
I-Aluminium (Evame Kakhulu Emaphinini)
- Izinzuzo:
- Ukushisa okuphezulu.
- Ilula, ayigqwali (yakha ungqimba lwe-oxide oluvikelayo).
- Isebenza kahle uma kuqhathaniswa nethusi noma insimbi engagqwali.
- Ububi: Iphuzu lokuncibilika eliphansi (~660°C), alifaneleki emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu.
- Izicelo: Izishintshi zokushisa ezipholile ngomoya (ama-ACHE), ama-radiator.
Ithusi (Ukuqhuba Okuphezulu)
- Izinzuzo: Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu, kuhle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
- Ububi: Kubiza kakhulu, kuthambekele ekungcolisweni ezindaweni ezimanzi.
- Izicelo: Iziqandisi, ama-condenser.
Insimbi Engagqwali (Yezindawo Ezinzima)
- Amabanga: SS 304, 316, 321 (afana namazinga eshubhu eliyisisekelo).
- Izinzuzo: Ayimelani nokugqwala, ihlala isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
- Ububi: Ukushisa okuphansi kune-Al/Cu.
- Izicelo: Izitshalo zamakhemikhali, ukubuyisa ukushisa okulahliwe.
Insimbi Yekhabhoni (Inketho Engabizi Kakhulu)
- Izinzuzo: Ishibhile, inamandla.
- Ububi: Igqwala kalula ngaphandle kokuthi i-galvanized noma imbozwe.
- Izicelo: Izindawo ezingonakalisi kakhulu, izifudumezi zezimboni.
Amafin e-Bimetallic (Angcono Kakhulu Kuwo Omabili Umhlaba)
- Isibonelo: Amaphiko e-aluminium epayipini lensimbi yekhabhoni noma lensimbi engagqwali.
- Izinzuzo: Ihlanganisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-Al namandla ensimbi.
- Izicelo: Izitshalo zikagesi, amajeneretha omusi wokubuyisa ukushisa (ama-HRSG).
Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Izinto
| Isicelo | Ishubhu Eliyisisekelo Elinconyiwe | Izinto Zokugcina Ezinconyiwe |
| Izishintshi zokushisa ezipholile ngomoya | Insimbi yekhabhoni / SS 304 | I-Aluminium (evame kakhulu) |
| Amabhoyila kanye nezinto ezithuthukisa umnotho | Insimbi yekhabhoni (A192, P11) | Insimbi yekhabhoni / SS |
| Izitshalo zamakhemikhali | SS 316 / Ama-alloy e-nickel | SS 316 / I-aluminium |
| Isiqandisi kanye ne-HVAC | Ithusi | Ithusi / I-Aluminium |
| Igesi yokukhipha umoya enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu | SS 321 / Inconel | SS 321 / Insimbi ene-alloy ephezulu |
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele Lapho Ukhetha Izinto Zokusebenza
1. Izinga lokushisa:
-
- 200°C–500°C: Amaphiko ensimbi engagqwali.
- > 500°C: Izinsimbi ezine-alloy ephezulu (T22, T91) noma i-Inconel.
2. Indawo Yokugqwala:
- Olwandle/Olwandle: Cu-Ni noma iMonel.
- I-asidi/amakhemikhali: i-SS 316 noma ama-alloy e-nickel.
3. Izidingo Zokuqhuba Ukushisa:
- Okuhle Kakhulu: Ithusi > I-Aluminiyam > Insimbi Yekhabhoni > Insimbi Engagqwali.
4. Izindleko vs. Ukusebenza:
- Amaphiko e-aluminium kumashubhu ensimbi yekhabhoni anikeza ibhalansi enhle.
- Ama-alloy e-nickel asetshenziswa kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela.
Ufuna uku-oda okufanayo? Xhumana nathi Manje ukuze uthumele isicelo sakho!
