Iityhubhu Zokusebenza Kakuhle Kobushushu
- Intsimbi yeCarbon kunye neCarbon Alloy
- Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
- I-Copper kunye ne-Nickel Alloy
- Iityhubhu Zokusebenza Kakuhle Kobushushu
- Izixhobo zombhobho
- Iiflanges zePipe
- I-Gasket, i-Stud Bolt kunye ne-Nut
- Iivalvu zeShishini
01
I-Finned Tubing yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokudlulisa ubushushu
Iindlela Zokuvelisa Iityhubhu ZeFinned
Iityhubhu zeFinned zenziwe kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, usetyenziso, kunye neemfuno zokusebenza:
1. Iimpiko ezikhutshiweyo (Iimpiko eziBanzi)
- Ityhubhu ye-bimetallic (umz., umaleko wangaphandle we-aluminium phezu kwentsimbi okanye ubhedu) idlula kumatshini okhupha amaphiko kumaleko wangaphandle.
- Inika amandla agqwesileyo oomatshini kunye nokuqhuba ubushushu.
- Isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezisebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu njengeenkqubo zokubuyisa ubushushu.
2. Amaphiko Asongiweyo (Ajikelezayo)
- Umcu wesinyithi (odla ngokuba yi-aluminium okanye ubhedu) ujikeleziswa nge-helical ujikeleze ityhubhu esisiseko kwaye ubotshelelwe nge-adhesive, i-brazing, okanye i-welding.
- Ixabiso layo liphantsi kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokutshintshiselana ubushushu ezipholileyo emoyeni.
- Ayifanelekanga kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yokusilela kwebhondi.
3. IiFin ezifakwe kwi-G-Fin
- Umngxuma ufakwa kwityhubhu, kwaye kufakwa umcu wephiko uze uvalelwe endaweni yawo ngoomatshini.
- Ukudibana kakuhle nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokukhuhlana kwamaphiko.
- Ii-heaters kunye nee-boilers ezixhaphakileyo kwi-process.
4. Iimpiko ezidityanisiweyo
- Iimpiko zidityaniswa ngazinye kwityhubhu (umz., iimpiko ezineenyawo ezi-L, ezigqunywe ngaphezulu, okanye ezigqunywe nge-stud).
- Ifanelekile kwiindlela zokusebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu (umz., izinto ezigcina ubushushu bube buthathaka, ukubuyisela ubushushu obungafunekiyo).
- Ibiza kakhulu kodwa ihlala ixesha elide kakhulu.
5. Iimpiko ezinde
- Iifins zihamba ngaxeshanye ne-tube axis, ezisetyenziswa apho ukuhamba kwe-axial kukhethwa khona (umz., kwezinye ii-air coolers kunye nee-condenser).
- Ihlala ibonakala kwizicelo ze-petrochemical.
6. Iimpiko ezinamagqabi aqinileyo
- Izikhonkwane ezincinci zidityaniswa phezu komphezulu wetyhubhu ukuze konyuswe ukuxinana kunye nokudluliselwa kobushushu.
- Isetyenziswa kwii-fluidized bed heat exchangers kunye nee-boilers.
Iintlobo ezidumileyo zeeFinned Tubes kwiZixhobo zokudlulisa ubushushu
1. Iityhubhu ze-Helical (Spiral) Fin
- Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo, olusetyenziswa kwii-heat exchangers ezipholileyo emoyeni (ii-ACHE).
- Izinto: I-Aluminiyam (yokumelana nokugqwala), ubhedu, okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo.
2. Iityhubhu zeFin ezikhutshiweyo
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu, kusetyenziswa kwiijenereyitha zokubuyisa ubushushu (ii-HRSG) kunye ne-economizers.
- Ityhubhu esisiseko: Intsimbi yekhabhoni / intsimbi engatyiwayo; Izinto zesiphelo: I-aluminium.
3. Iityhubhu eziFinned ze-L-Foot kunye ne-LL-Foot
- Iimpiko zinesimo "L" esisekweni ukuze zibambene ngcono.
- Isetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhluza kunye nezicelo zezityalo zamandla.
4. Iimpiko ezirhangqiweyo
- Iimpiko zinezicucu zokuphucula ukuxinana nokudluliselwa kobushushu.
- Isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu ukusuka kwigesi ukuya kwigesi.
5. Iityhubhu zeFin eziQokelelweyo
- Ukurhawuzelela umphezulu kuphucula ukudluliselwa kobushushu kwiikhondensi kunye nee-evaporators.
6. Iityhubhu zeCorrugated Fin
- Amaphiko anamaza andisa indawo yomphezulu kunye nokuxinana, nto leyo ephucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
Izinto zoKhetho lweeFinned Tubes
- Ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo: Ukufakwa kobushushu obuphezulu kufuna amaphiko adibeneyo okanye akhutshiweyo.
- Ukumelana nokugqwala: Amaphiko e-aluminiyam kwiindawo ezine-asidi, intsimbi engatyiwayo kwiimeko ezinzima.
- Uhlobo lolwelo: Amaphiko asecaleni kwegesi afuna indawo ephezulu (ejiyileyo/egobileyo), ngelixa icala lolwelo lingasebenzisa iityhubhu ezinamaphiko asezantsi.
- Ixabiso: Iimpiko ezisongiweyo zibiza kakhulu, ngelixa iimpiko ezikhutshwe/ezihlanganisiweyo zibiza kakhulu kodwa zihlala ixesha elide.
Izicelo
- Izityalo zoMbane: Izikhuseli ezipholileyo ngomoya, ii-HRSG.
- Ioyile negesi: Izifudumezi, ii-oven.
- I-HVAC: Ii-chillers, ii-radiators.
- Iikhemikhali: Iibhoyila zobushushu ezilahlwayo, iireactor.
Ukuphuculwa kweFinned Tube kunye neFin Material
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwiityhubhu ezifakwe iifin kwizixhobo zokudlulisa ubushushu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, kunye neendleko. Apha ngezantsi zezona zinto zidumileyo zentsimbi nesinyithi ezisetyenziswa kwiityhubhu ezifakwe iifin, zahlulwe ngokwezixhobo zetyhubhu ezisisiseko kunye nezinto ezifakwe iifin:
1. Izixhobo zeThubhu esisiseko (iThubhu engundoqo)
Umbhobho osisiseko uthwala ulwelo oluphambili (ulwelo/igesi) kwaye kufuneka umelane noxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye nokugqwala.
Intsimbi yeCarbon (CS)
- Amanqanaba: ASTM A179, A192, A210 (kwiibhoyila kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu)
- Iingenelo: Ixabiso liphantsi, inamandla amahle, ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu.
- Iingxaki: Inokugqwala; isetyenziswa rhoqo kunye neengubo zokukhusela okanye xa okusingqongileyo kungagqwali.
- Usetyenziso: Iibhoyila, izinto ezigcina ubushushu, izinto ezigcina ubushushu ngomphunga.
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo (SS)
- Amanqanaba:
- 304/304L – Isebenza ngokubanzi, iyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kakuhle.
- 316/316L – Ukumelana ngcono neekloridi kunye neeasidi (ezisetyenziswa kwizityalo zeekhemikhali, kwiindawo zaselwandle).
- 321/347 – Amanqanaba azinzileyo okusetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu (umz., ukubuyisela ubushushu kwigesi ephumayo).
- Iingenelo: Ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo, amandla obushushu aphezulu.
- Iingxaki: Ibiza kakhulu, i-thermal conductivity iphantsi kune-carbon steel.
- Izicelo: Iindawo zokucoca, ukucubungula iikhemikhali, ishishini lokutya.
Iintsimbi ze-Alloy (Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokugqwala)
- Amanqanaba:
- T5 (P5), T9 (P9), T11 (P11) – Iintsimbi zeChrome-molybdenum zeenkonzo zomphunga oshushu kakhulu.
- T22 (P22), T91 (P91) – Isetyenziswa kwizityalo zamandla kwii-superheaters kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisa ubushushu.
- Iingenelo: Iyamelana nokurhubuluza kakhulu, ilungele ubushushu obugqithisileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-600°C+).
- Iingxaki: Ixabiso liphezulu kunentsimbi yekhabhoni.
IiAlloys zeCopper kunye neCopper
- Amabanga: C12200 (Phosphorus deoxidized copper), C70600 (Cu-Ni 90/10), C71500 (Cu-Ni 70/30).
- Iingenelo: Isebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekufudumaleni, ilungele ukusetyenziswa kubushushu obuphantsi.
- Iingxaki: Ithambile, ithambekele ekukhukulisekeni xa ikwi-high speed fluids.
- Usetyenziso: i-HVAC, ifriji, ii-condenser.
Ii-Nickel Alloys (Kwiimeko Ezinzima)
- Amanqanaba:
- Inconel 600/625 – Ukumelana okuphezulu ne-oxidation kunye ne-chloride.
- Monel 400 – Ayinakumelana namanzi olwandle kunye neendawo ezineasidi.
- Iingenelo: Ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, amandla obushushu aphezulu.
- Iingxaki: Ibiza kakhulu.
- Usetyenziso: Ioyile kunye negesi engaphandle, ii-reactors zeekhemikhali.
2. Izinto zokuphela
Iimpiko zonyusa ukudluliselwa kobushushu kwaye kufuneka zilinganisele ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nexabiso.
I-Aluminiyam (Eyona iQhelekileyo kwiiFins)
- Iingenelo:
- Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kobushushu.
- Ilula, ayimelani nokugqwala (yenza umaleko we-oxide okhuselayo).
- Ixabiso elifanelekileyo xa lithelekiswa nethusi okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo.
- Iingxaki: Iqondo lokunyibilika eliphantsi (~660°C), alifanelekanga kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu.
- Usetyenziso: Izitshintshi zobushushu ezipholileyo ngomoya (ii-ACHE), ii-radiator.
I-Copper (Ukuqhuba Okuphezulu)
- Iingenelo: Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuqhuba ubushushu, ilungele ukusetyenziswa kubushushu obuphantsi.
- Iingxaki: Zibiza kakhulu, zinomngcipheko wokubola kwiindawo ezimanzi.
- Izicelo: Ifriji, ii-condenser.
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo (Yeendawo Ezinzima)
- Amanqanaba: SS 304, 316, 321 (afana namanqanaba etyhubhu esisiseko).
- Iingenelo: Ayinamhlwa, ihlala ixesha elide xa ishushu kakhulu.
- Iingxaki: Ukuqhuba kobushushu okuphantsi kune-Al/Cu.
- Izicelo: Izityalo zeekhemikhali, ukubuyiswa kobushushu obungafunekiyo.
Intsimbi yeCarbon (Ukhetho olunexabiso eliphantsi)
- Iingenelo: Ixabiso eliphantsi, inamandla.
- Iingxaki: Igqwala lula ngaphandle kokuba igqunywe nge-galvanized okanye igqunywe nge-coated.
- Izicelo: Iindawo ezinobungozi obuphantsi, izifudumezi zemizi-mveliso.
Iifins zeBimetallic (Ezona Zilungileyo Kuzo Zombini Iihlabathi)
- Umzekelo: Amaphiko e-aluminiyam kwityhubhu yentsimbi yekhabhoni okanye yentsimbi engatyiwayo.
- Iingenelo: Idibanisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-Al kunye namandla entsimbi.
- Usetyenziso: Izityalo zamandla, iijenereyitha zokubuyisa ubushushu (ii-HRSG).
Isikhokelo soKhetho lwezinto
| Ukusetyenziswa | Ityhubhu yesiseko ecetyiswayo | Izinto ezicetyiswayo zeFin |
| Izitshintshi zobushushu ezipholileyo ngomoya | Intsimbi yekhabhoni / SS 304 | I-Aluminiyam (eyona ixhaphakileyo) |
| Iibhoyila kunye nezinto ezigcina uqoqosho | Intsimbi yekhabhoni (A192, P11) | Intsimbi yekhabhoni / SS |
| Izityalo zeekhemikhali | SS 316 / Iialloy zeNickel | SS 316 / Ialuminiyam |
| Ifriji kunye ne-HVAC | Ithusi | Ithusi / I-Aluminiyam |
| Igesi yokukhupha umoya eshushu kakhulu | SS 321 / Inconel | SS 321 / Intsimbi ene-alloy ephezulu |
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha izinto
1. Ubushushu:
-
- 200°C–500°C: Amaphiko entsimbi engatyiwayo.
- > 500°C: Iintsimbi ezine-alloy ephezulu (T22, T91) okanye i-Inconel.
2. Indawo engqonge ukonakala:
- Ulwandle/unxweme: Cu-Ni okanye iMonel.
- I-asidi/ikhemikhali: SS 316 okanye ii-alloys ze-nickel.
3. Iimfuno zokuqhuba ubushushu:
- Eyona ilungileyo: Ithusi > I-Aluminiyam > Intsimbi yekhabhoni > Intsimbi engatyiwayo.
4. Ixabiso vs. Ukusebenza:
- Amaphiko e-aluminiyam kwiityhubhu zentsimbi yekhabhoni anika ulungelelwano oluhle.
- Ii-alloys ze-nickel zisetyenziswa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko.
Ngaba ufuna uku-odola okufanayo? Qhagamshelana nathi Ngoku ukuze uthumele isicelo sakho!
