Liphaephe tsa ho Sebetsa ka Botlalo ba Mocheso
- Tšepe ea Khabone le Khabone e kopantsoeng
- Ts'epe e sa beng le mabali
- Motsoako oa Koporo le Nikele
- Liphaephe tsa ho Sebetsa ka Botlalo ba Mocheso
- Lisebelisoa tsa Liphaephe
- Li-Flanges tsa Pipe
- Gasket, Stud Bolt & Nut
- Li-valve tsa indasteri
01
Ho Ntlafatsa Bokgoni ba Phetisetso ya Mocheso
Mekhoa ea Tlhahiso ea Li-Finned Tubes
Li-tube tse entsoeng ka Finned li etsoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng ho latela thepa, ts'ebeliso le litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso:
1. Mapheo a Extruded (Mapheo a Integral)
- Phaephe ya bimetallic (mohlala, lera le ka ntle la aluminium hodima motheo wa tshepe kapa koporo) e fetiswa ka mochini o ntshang mapheo ho tloha lera le ka ntle.
- E fana ka matla a matle a mechini le ho tsamaisa mocheso hantle.
- E sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse nang le mocheso o phahameng joalo ka litsamaiso tsa ho khutlisa mocheso.
2. Mapheo a phuthetsoeng (a spiral)
- Karolo ea tšepe (hangata aluminium kapa koporo) e tlangoa ka li-helicopter ho potoloha tube ea motheo 'me e tlameletsoe ka sekhomaretsi, brazing, kapa welding.
- E theko e tlase ebile e sebelisoa haholo ho li-heat exchange tse pholileng moeeng.
- Ha e a lokela mocheso o phahameng haholo ka lebaka la ho hloleha ha tlamo.
3. Mapheo a Kenngoeng (G-Fin)
- Mokoti o kenngoa ka har'a tube, 'me leqhetsoana la mapheo le kenngoa 'me le notlelloa sebakeng sa lona ka mokhoa oa mechine.
- Ho kopana hantle le mocheso le ho hanyetsa mapheo a ho hlepha.
- Li-heater le li-boiler tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang khafetsa.
4. Mapheo a Welded
- Mapheo a tjheselletswa ka bonngoe hodima pompo (mohlala, mapheo a maoto a mabedi, a kopaneng, kapa a tjheselletswang ka stud).
- E loketse lits'ebetso tsa mocheso o phahameng le khatello e phahameng (mohlala, li-economizer, ho khutlisa mocheso o lahliloeng).
- E theko e boima haholo empa e tšoarella haholo.
5. Mapheo a Longitudinal
- Mapheo a matha a bapile le mothapo wa tube, a sebediswa moo phallo ya axial e kgethwang (mohlala, di-air cooler le di-condenser tse ding).
- Hangata e bonoa lits'ebetsong tsa petrochemical.
6. Mapheo a nang le lithupa
- Li-stud tse nyane li tjheselletsoa holim'a tube ho eketsa moferefere le phetisetso ea mocheso.
- E sebelisoa li-bed heat exchanger le li-boiler tse nang le metsi.
Mefuta e Tummeng ea Li-Finned Tubes Lisebelisoang tsa Phetisetso ea Mocheso
1. Liphaephe tsa mapheo tsa Helical (Spiral)
- Mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo, o sebelisoang ho li-heat exchange tse pholileng moeeng (ACHEs).
- Thepa: Aluminium (bakeng sa ho hanyetsa mafome), koporo, kapa tšepe e sa ruseng.
2. Liphaephe tsa Mapheo a Eketsehileng
- Bokgoni bo phahameng ba mocheso, bo sebediswang ho dijenereithara tsa mouoane tse fumanang mocheso (HRSGs) le di-economizers.
- Tube ea motheo: Tšepe ea khabone / tšepe e sa ruseng; Thepa ea mapheo: Aluminium.
3. Liphaephe tse nang le mahlakore a malelele le a mane
- Mapheo a na le sebopeho sa "L" botlaaseng bakeng sa ho kopana hamolemo.
- E sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa fektheri le lifeme tsa motlakase.
4. Mapheo a nang le serrated
- Mapheo a na le mapetso ho ntlafatsa moferefere le phetisetso ya mocheso.
- E sebelisoa ho phapanyetsano ea mocheso ho tloha khase ho ea khase.
5. Liphaephe tsa Mapheo a Khomaretsoeng
- Ho lokisa bokaholimo ho ntlafatsa phetiso ea mocheso ho li-condenser le li-evaporator.
6. Liphaephe tsa mapheo a masenke
- Mapheo a kobehileng a eketsa sebaka sa bokaholimo le moferefere, a ntlafatsa bokgoni.
Lintlha tsa Khetho bakeng sa Liphaephe tsa Finned
- Mocheso le Kgatelelo: Ditshebediso tsa mocheso o phahameng di hloka mapheo a tjheseditsweng kapa a ntshetsweng kantle.
- Ho Hanela Tshenyeho: Mapheo a aluminium bakeng sa tikoloho e nang le asiti, tshepe e sa ruseng bakeng sa maemo a thata.
- Mofuta oa Mokelikeli: Mapheo a lehlakoreng la khase a hloka sebaka se phahameng sa bokaholimo (se helical/se serrated), ha lehlakore la mokelikeli le ka sebelisa lipeipi tse nang le mapheo a tlase.
- Theko: Mapheo a phuthetsoeng a theko e tlase, ha mapheo a ntšitsoeng/a tjheseletsoeng a theko e boima empa a tšoarella haholoanyane.
Likopo
- Dipolante tsa Motlakase: Di-condenser tse phodisitsweng ke moya, di-HRSG.
- Oli le Khase: Li-heater, lionto.
- HVAC: Li-chiller, li-radiator.
- Lik'hemik'hale: Liboiler tsa mocheso oa litšila, li-reactor.
Ntlafatso ea Finned Tube le Fin Material
Khetho ea thepa bakeng sa lipeipi tse nang le mapheo lisebelisoa tsa phetisetso ea mocheso e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse kang mocheso, khatello, ho hanyetsa mafome, ho tsamaisa mocheso, le litšenyehelo. Ka tlase ke thepa e tsebahalang haholo ea tšepe le tšepe e sebelisoang bakeng sa lipeipi tse nang le mapheo, e arotsoe ka thepa ea motheo ea tube le thepa ea mapheo:
1. Lisebelisoa tsa Tube ea Motheo (Tube ea Motheo)
Phaephe ea motheo e jara mokelikeli oa mantlha (mokelikeli/khase) 'me e tlameha ho mamella khatello, mocheso le mafome.
Tšepe ea Khabone (CS)
- Mekhahlelo: ASTM A179, A192, A210 (bakeng sa liboiler le li-heat exchanger)
- Melemo: Theko e tlase, matla a matle, e loketse lits'ebetso tse nang le khatello e phahameng.
- Mathata: E kotsing ea ho bola; hangata e sebelisoa le lipente tse sireletsang kapa ha tikoloho e sa senye.
- Lisebelisoa: Liboiler, li-economizer, li-condenser tsa mouoane.
Tšepe e sa Khaotseng (SS)
- Meputso:
- 304/304L – E sebetsa ka kakaretso, e na le khanyetso e ntle ea mafome.
- 316/316L – Ho hanyetsa di-chloride le di-acid hamolemo (tse sebediswang dimeleng tsa dikhemikhale, dibakeng tsa lewatle).
- 321/347 – Mekgahlelo e tsitsitseng bakeng sa ditshebediso tsa mocheso o phahameng (mohlala, ho kgutlisa mocheso wa kgase ya mosi).
- Melemo: E hanyetsa mafome hantle haholo, e matla mochesong o phahameng.
- Mathata: E theko e boima, e na le phallo e tlase ya mocheso ho feta tshepe ya khabone.
- Ditshebediso: Difeme tsa ho hlwekisa, ho sebetsana le dikhemikhale, indasteri ya dijo.
Litšepe tsa Motsoako (Ho Hanela Mocheso o Phahameng le ho Sila)
- Meputso:
- T5 (P5), T9 (P9), T11 (P11) – Litšepe tsa Chrome-molybdenum bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa mouoane tse nang le mocheso o phahameng.
- T22 (P22), T91 (P91) – E sebediswa dipolanteng tsa motlakase bakeng sa di-superheater le ditsamaiso tsa ho fola mocheso.
- Melemo: E hanyetsa ho thekesela haholo, e ntle bakeng sa mocheso o feteletseng (ho fihlela ho 600°C+).
- Mathata: Litšenyehelo tse phahameng ho feta tšepe ea khabone.
Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa Koporo le Koporo
- Lihlopha: C12200 (Phosphorus deoxidized koporo), C70600 (Cu-Ni 90/10), C71500 (Cu-Ni 70/30).
- Melemo: E tsamaisa mocheso hantle haholo, e loketse lits'ebetso tsa mocheso o tlase.
- Mathata: E bonolo, e kotsing ea ho khoholeha ha metsi a lebelo le phahameng.
- Lisebelisoa: HVAC, sehatsetsing, li-condenser.
Li-Alloys tsa Nickel (Bakeng sa Maemo a Feteletseng)
- Meputso:
- Inconel 600/625 – Ho hanyetsa ho hoholo ha oxidation le chloride.
- Monel 400 – E hanela metsi a lewatle le tikoloho e nang le asiti.
- Melemo: Ho hanyetsa mafome ka tsela e phahameng, matla a mocheso o phahameng.
- Mathata: E theko e boima haholo.
- Ditshebediso: Oli le khase tse tswang kantle ho naha, di-reactor tsa dikhemikhale.
2. Lisebelisoa tsa ho qetela
Mapheo a ntlafatsa phetiso ea mocheso 'me a tlameha ho leka-lekanya ho tsamaisoa ha mocheso, ho hanyetsa mafome le litšenyehelo.
Aluminium (E Tloaelehileng Haholo bakeng sa Mapheo)
- Melemo:
- Ho khanna mocheso ho phahameng.
- E bobebe, e hanela mafome (e bopa lera le sireletsang oxide).
- E theko e tlase ha e bapisoa le koporo kapa tšepe e sa hloekang.
- Mathata: Sebaka se tlase sa ho qhibiliha (~660°C), ha sea lokela mocheso o phahameng haholo.
- Lisebelisoa: Li-heat exchange tse pholileng ka moea (ACHEs), li-radiator.
Koporo (Ho Tsamaisa Motlakase o Phahameng)
- Melemo: Ke phetiso e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea mocheso, e ntle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa mocheso o tlase.
- Mathata: E theko e boima, e sekamela ho oxidation dibakeng tse mongobo.
- Ditshebediso: Sehatsetsing, di-condenser.
Tšepe e sa Khaotseng (Bakeng sa Tikoloho e Mahlonoko)
- Mekhahlelo: SS 304, 316, 321 (e tšoanang le mekhahlelo ea tube ea motheo).
- Melemo: E hanela mafome, e tšoarella mochesong o phahameng.
- Mathata: Ho tsamaisa mocheso ka tlase ho feta Al/Cu.
- Ditshebediso: Dimela tsa dikhemikhale, ho kgutlisa mocheso o lahlilweng.
Tšepe ea Khabone (Khetho e Theko e Tlase)
- Melemo: E theko e tlase, e matla.
- Mathata: E rusa habonolo ntle le haeba e koahetsoe ka galvanized kapa e koahetsoe.
- Ditshebediso: Ditikoloho tse se nang tshenyo e ngata, dihitara tsa diindasteri.
Mapheo a Bimetallic (A Molemo ka ho Fetisisa Lefatšeng ka Bobeli)
- Mohlala: Mapheo a aluminium hodima pompo ya tshepe ya khabone kapa tshepe e sa ruseng.
- Melemo: E kopanya ho tsamaisa motlakase ha Al le matla a tšepe.
- Ditshebediso: Difeme tsa motlakase, dijenereithara tsa mouoane tse fumanang mocheso (di-HRSG).
Tataiso ea Khetho ea Lintho
| Tšebeliso | Tube ea Motheo e Khothaletsoang | Thepa ea Mapheo e Khothaletsoang |
| Li-exchange tsa mocheso tse pholileng ka moea | Tšepe ea khabone / SS 304 | Aluminium (e tloaelehileng haholo) |
| Liboiler le li-economizer | Tšepe ea khabone (A192, P11) | Tšepe ea khabone / SS |
| Dimela tsa dikhemikhale | SS 316 / Ditshepe tsa nikeli | SS 316 / Aluminium |
| Sehatsetsing le HVAC | Koporo | Koporo / Aluminium |
| Khase e ntšang mosi e nang le mocheso o phahameng | SS 321 / Inconel | SS 321 / Tšepe e nang le motsoako o phahameng |
Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa Ha U Khetha Thepa
1. Mocheso:
-
- 200°C–500°C: Mapheo a tšepe e sa ruseng.
- > 500°C: Litšepe tse nang le motsoako o phahameng (T22, T91) kapa Inconel.
2. Tikoloho ea ho Silafala:
- Marine / offshore: Cu-Ni kapa Monel.
- Asiti/khemikhale: SS 316 kapa metsoako e kopantsoeng ea nickel.
3. Litlhoko tsa ho tsamaisa mocheso:
- Molemo ka ho Fetisisa: Koporo > Aluminium > Tšepe ea Khabone > Tšepe e sa Ruseng.
4. Litšenyehelo khahlanong le Tshebetso:
- Mapheo a aluminium a holim'a lipeipi tsa tšepe ea khabone a fana ka botsitso bo botle.
- Li-alloy tsa nikeli li sebelisoa feela ha ho hlokahala ka botlalo.
Na u batla ho odara e tšoanang? Ikopanye le rona Hona joale ho romela kopo ea hau!
