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01
ASTM A500/A500M: Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes
Ordering Information
Buyers must specify:
- ASTM designation (A500 or A500M)
- Shape (round, square, rectangular, etc.)
- Dimensions (outer diameter, side lengths, wall thickness)
- Grade (A, B, C, or D)
- Length (random or exact)
- Additional requirements (testing, coating, certification)
Main Steel Grades & Mechanical Properties
| Grade | Yield Strength (min) | Tensile Strength (min) | Elongation (%) |
| A | 39 ksi (270 MPa) | 45 ksi (310 MPa) | 25 (2") |
| B | 46 ksi (320 MPa) | 58 ksi (400 MPa) | 23 (2") |
| C | 50 ksi (345 MPa) | 62 ksi (425 MPa) | 21 (2") |
| D (Rectangular/Square only) | 36 ksi (250 MPa) | 58 ksi (400 MPa) | 23 (2") |
Chemical Composition (Max %)
| Element | Grade A | Grade B | Grade C | Grade D |
| C | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.20 |
| Mn | - | 1.35 | 1.35 | 1.35 |
| P | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| S | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
Inspection & Testing Requirements
- Tensile Test: Required for each heat/lot.
- Flattening Test (Welded Tubing): Mandatory for Grades A, B, C (except seamless).
- Bend Test (Grade D Rectangular/Square): Required.
- Hydrostatic or NDT (Optional): If specified, tubes must be leak-tested (hydrostatic) or examined via eddy current or ultrasonic testing.
- Visual Inspection: Surface must be free of cracks, seams, or excessive imperfections.
Dimensional Tolerances
- Outside Dimensions: ±0.5% (round) or ±0.75% (shapes).
- Wall Thickness: Varies by manufacturing method (seamless: ±12.5%; welded: ±10%).
- Straightness: Max deviation of 0.125% of length.
Marking & Certification
- Marking: Must include ASTM A500/A500M, grade, size, manufacturer’s name, and heat number.
- Certification: Mill Test Report (MTR) with chemical/mechanical test data.
Key Revisions in Latest Edition
- Tighter tolerances for wall thickness in welded tubing.
- Clarified bend test requirements for Grade D.
- Updated referencing standards for testing methods.
Comparison with Similar Standards
- ASTM A501: Hot-formed tubing (higher strength, less precise tolerances).
- ASTM A1085: Improved structural properties and toughness.
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