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ASTM A192/A192M – Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High Pressure Service
Ordering Information
Purchasers must specify the following when ordering:
● Quantity (total length or number of tubes)
● Material (seamless carbon steel boiler tube)
● Dimensions (nominal outside diameter and minimum wall thickness, in inches [A192] or millimeters [A192M])
● Length (cut lengths with tolerances or random lengths)
● ASTM Designation (A192 for inch-pound units, A192M for metric)
● Testing Requirements (hydro-static test, nondestructive electric test, or expanded flattening test)
● Certification (if mill test reports are required)
● Additional Requirements (special marking, heat treatment, or supplementary testing)
Material & Manufacture
Steel making Process: Open hearth, electric furnace, or basic oxygen process.
Manufacturing Method: Tubes are hot-finished or cold-drawn, then stress relieved or annealed to ensure ductility and strength.
Heat Treatment: Mandatory to meet mechanical property requirements.
Chemical Composition (%)
| Element | Requirement |
| Carbon (C) | 0.06–0.18 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.27–0.63 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.035 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≥ 0.10 (for deoxidation) |
Mechanical Properties
| Property | Requirement |
| Tensile Strength | ≥ 325 MPa (47,000 psi) |
| Yield Strength | ≥ 180 MPa (26,000 psi) |
| Elongation (in 2 in./50 mm) | ≥ 35% |
| Hardness (optional) | ≤ 72 HRB (Rockwell B) |
Test Requirements
Mandatory Tests
Hydro-static Test: Each tube must withstand a specified water pressure (≥ 70 bar / 1,000 psi for 5 sec) without leakage.
Nondestructive Electric Test (NDE): If hydro-static testing is waived, eddy current or ultrasonic testing must be performed.
Optional/Special Tests
Flattening Test: A sample must flatten to a specified distance without cracking.
Flaring Test: A cone expansion test to verify ductility (if required).
Hardness Test: Optional, per agreement.
Dimensions & Tolerances
● Outside Diameter: Permissible variations (±0.8% for cold-drawn, ±1.0% for hot-finished).
● Wall Thickness: Must meet minimum requirements with tolerances (±10% for most sizes).
● Length:
● Cut lengths: ±3.2 mm (1/8 in.) for lengths ≤ 7.3 m (24 ft).
● Random lengths: 4.9–12.2 m (16–40 ft).
Inspection & Certification
Inspection: Manufacturer performs tests; purchaser may witness or request third-party inspection.
Certification: Mill test reports (chemical analysis, mechanical properties, and test results) provided upon request.
Marking Requirements
Each tube must be marked with:
ASTM standard (A192/A192M)
Manufacturer’s name or trademark
Nominal size (OD and wall thickness)
Heat number or traceability code
Keywords
Seamless carbon steel tubes
High-pressure boiler tubes
Super-heater tubes
Heat exchangers
ASME Code compliance
Key Differences from ASTM A179/A179M
A192/A192M is specifically for high-pressure boilers, while A179/A179M is for heat exchangers/condensers.
A192 has stricter wall thickness controls due to high-pressure demands.
A192 requires mandatory heat treatment, while A179 may be supplied as-drawn.
This standard ensures safety and performance in critical high temperature, high pressure applications.
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