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01
API Specification 5L for Line Pipe
Ordering Information
Key details to include when ordering:
- Specification (API 5L) and edition (e.g., 46th Edition, 2024).
- Type of pipe (seamless, welded – ERW, SAW, etc.).
- PSL level (1 or 2).
- Grade (e.g., A25, A, B, X42–X80, etc.).
- Size (outside diameter, wall thickness, length).
- End finish (plain, beveled, threaded, etc.).
- Supplementary requirements (e.g., impact testing, nondestructive examination).
Main Steel Grades
Here is a complete list of all steel grades specified in the API 5L 46th Edition (2024), categorized by PSL (Product Specification Level):
3.1 PSL1 (Standard Requirements) Grades
These grades have basic chemical and mechanical property requirements:
- A25 (Minimum Yield Strength: 25 ksi / 172 MPa)
- A (Minimum Yield Strength: 30 ksi / 207 MPa)
- B (Minimum Yield Strength: 35 ksi / 241 MPa)
- X42 (Minimum Yield Strength: 42 ksi / 290 MPa)
- X46 (Minimum Yield Strength: 46 ksi / 317 MPa)
- X52 (Minimum Yield Strength: 52 ksi / 359 MPa)
- X56 (Minimum Yield Strength: 56 ksi / 386 MPa)
- X60 (Minimum Yield Strength: 60 ksi / 414 MPa)
- X65 (Minimum Yield Strength: 65 ksi / 448 MPa)
- X70 (Minimum Yield Strength: 70 ksi / 483 MPa)
3.2 PSL2 (Enhanced Requirements) Grades
These grades have stricter controls on chemical composition, mechanical properties, and testing:
- B (35 ksi / 241 MPa)
- X42 (42 ksi / 290 MPa)
- X46 (46 ksi / 317 MPa)
- X52 (52 ksi / 359 MPa)
- X56 (56 ksi / 386 MPa)
- X60 (60 ksi / 414 MPa)
- X65 (65 ksi / 448 MPa)
- X70 (70 ksi / 483 MPa)
- X80 (80 ksi / 552 MPa)
Key Notes:
- A25 is only available in PSL1 (not in PSL2).
- X80 is only available in PSL2 (not in PSL1).
- Higher grades (X42–X80) are more common in high-pressure pipelines.
- PSL2 grades require Charpy impact testing, stricter chemical limits (e.g., lower sulfur & phosphorus), and additional NDT.
Would you like details on chemical composition or mechanical properties for a specific grade?
Inspection & Testing Requirements
PSL1:
- Chemical analysis (C, Mn, P, S, etc.).
- Tensile and hardness tests.
- Hydrostatic testing (mandatory for all pipes).
- Non-destructive testing (NDT) for welded pipes.
PSL2 (Additional Requirements):
- Enhanced chemical control (lower S/P limits).
- Charpy V-notch impact testing (for toughness).
- More stringent NDT (e.g., ultrasonic testing for seams).
- Microstructure examination (for high-grade pipes).
Marking & Certification
- Pipes must be marked with API 5L, grade, size, PSL, heat number, and manufacturer’s name.
- Mill test certificates (MTC) must comply with API 5L traceability requirements.
Supplementary Requirements (Optional)
- Sour service compliance (NACE MR0175).
- Fracture arrest properties.
- Additional NDT methods (e.g., automated ultrasonic testing).
Key Updates in Latest Edition (46th, 2024)
- Revised toughness requirements for PSL2 pipes.
- Updated NDT standards for improved defect detection.
- Clarified ordering requirements for sour service applications.
Conclusion
API 5L ensures pipeline integrity through strict material, manufacturing, and testing standards. Buyers must specify PSL, grade, testing, and end-use conditions clearly in orders.
For full details, refer to the API 5L 46th Edition (2024) official document.
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